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Technical Dialogue

Vehicular Power Electronic Circuits and Systems

2554 - Critical Role of Individual Cell Temperature Monitoring in Mitigating Thermal Runaway and Reducing Accelerated Degradation in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Thursday, March 20, 2025
11:30 AM – 1:30 PM ET
Location: Level One, Hall A3
This study demonstrates the importance of individual cell temperature monitoring by intentionally including a new but weak cell (C12) in a 14-cell LIB 21700 module equipped with an automotive-grade battery management system (BMS) from NXP®. Experimental results reveal that despite efficient BMS balancing, the weak cell exhibited a significantly higher temperature rise, with a final temperature difference of 6°C and a voltage difference of over 200 mV compared to healthy cells. These findings underscore the potential for thermal failure and runaway if individual cell temperatures are not closely monitored. Additionally, reliance on voltage-based control alone can lead to suboptimal battery pack utilization, as evidenced by a 5% capacity loss due to the weak cell. This research highlights the necessity of monitoring the temperature of each cell to prevent thermal runaway and ensure efficient battery performance.